Probing pattern and dynamics of disulfide bridges using synthesis and NMR of an ion channel blocker peptide toxin with multiple diselenide bonds.

Probing pattern and dynamics of disulfide bridges using synthesis and NMR of an ion channel blocker peptide toxin with multiple diselenide bonds† †Electronic supplementary information (ESI) available: Details of synthesis and analytical characterization of the Sec-analog of [N17A/F32T]-AnTx mutant including quadrupole ESI and ESI-TOF MS spectra, overlay of 1H-13C HSQC spectra of the double mutant [N17A/F32T]-AnTx and its Sec-analog, scheme and Bruker code of the 77Se-decoupled 1H-77Se CPMG-HSQMBC pulse sequence and comparison of its performance to the classical HMQC method, 1H, 13C, 15N and 77Se resonance assignment of Sec-[N17A/F32T]-AnTx peptide. See DOI: 10.1039/c5sc03995a Click here for additional data file.

Molecular Characterization of a Three-disulfide Bridges Beta-like Neurotoxin from Androctonus crassicauda Scorpion Venom

Scorpion venom is the richest source of peptide toxins with high levels of specific interactions with different ion-channel membrane proteins. The present study involved the amplification and sequencing of a 310-bp cDNA fragment encoding a beta-like neurotoxin active on sodium ion-channel from the venom glands of scorpion Androctonus crassicauda belonging to the Buthidae family using r...

Characterization of cDNA sequence encoding for a novel sodium channel -toxin from the Iranian scorpion Mesobuthus eupeus venom glands

The venoms of Buthidae scorpions are known to contain basic, single-chain protein -toxins consisting of 60-70 amino acid residues that are tightly cross-linked by four disulfide bridges. Total RNA was extracted from the venom glands of scorpion Mesobuthus eupeus collected from the Khuzestan province of Iran and then cDNA was synthesized with the modified oligo (dT) primer and extracted total R...

A dynamic pharmacophore drives the interaction between Psalmotoxin-1 and the putative drug target acid-sensing ion channel 1a.

Acid-sensing ion channel 1a (ASIC1a) is a primary acid sensor in the peripheral and central nervous system. It has been implicated as a novel therapeutic target for a broad range of pathophysiological conditions including pain, ischemic stroke, depression, and autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis. The only known selective blocker of ASIC1a is π-TRTX-Pc1a (PcTx1), a disulfide-rich 40-r...

The Role of Disulfide Bond Replacements in Analogues of the Tarantula Toxin ProTx-II and Their Effects on Inhibition of the Voltage-Gated Sodium Ion Channel Nav1.7

Spider venom toxins, such as Protoxin-II (ProTx-II), have recently received much attention as selective Nav1.7 channel blockers, with potential to be developed as leads for the treatment of chronic nocioceptive pain. ProTx-II is a 30-amino acid peptide with three disulfide bonds that has been reported to adopt a well-defined inhibitory cystine knot (ICK) scaffold structure. Potential drawbacks ...